Code | Name | Type | Comment |
| IV1 | Bacteria: | Abundant in air, soil and water. Some are beneficial ( e.g. those living in intestine and breaking down food) and some are harmless to humans. Bacteria which are harmful are known as pathogens. Three main categories: cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped) and spirochaetes or spirilla (spiral-shaped). Bacteria can grow in an inert medium. Susceptible to antibiotics. | Acinetobacter
Actinomyces
Bacilli gram positive and negative
Bacillus Megaterium
Bacillus Subtilus
Bordetella Pertussis
Borrelia Burgdorferi
Brucella Abortus
Campylobacter
Clostridium Botulinum
Clostridium Tetani
Clostridium Welchii
Cocci Gram Positive and Negative
Corynebacterium Diptheriae
Escherichia Coli/ E.Coli
Gardnerella Vaginalis
Haemophilus Influenzae
Helicobacter Pylori
Legonella Pneumophila
Leptospira
Listeria Monocytogenes
Mycobacterium Bovis
Mycobacterium Leprae/ Leprosy
Mycobacterium Tuberculinum
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Neisseria Gonorrhoea
Neisseria Meningitidis
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Salmonella
Salmonella Typhi
Salmonella Paratyphi
Shigella
Staphylococcus Aureus
Staphylococcus Epidermidis
Streptococcus Agalaciae
Streptococcus Lactis
Streptococcus Mutans
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Streptococcus Pyogenes
Streptococcus Viridans
Vibrio Cholera
Yersinia Pestis |
| IV2 | Chlamydia: | Micro-organisms which are intermediate in size between viruses and bacteria; like viruses they can only multiply by first invading the cells of another life-form; otherwise more like bacteria and are susceptible to antibiotics. | Chlamydia Psittaci
Chlamydia Trachomatis |
| IV3 | Fungus: | Simple parasitic life forms which cause illness by direct poisoning, toxic by-products, allergic reactions and/or colonisation of body tissues. Fungi can be divided into moulds which reproduce by sporing and yeasts which reproduce by budding. | Aflatoxin
Aspergillus Fumigatus
Aspergillus Niger
Candida
Epidermorphyton Flocossum
Microsporum Glypsium
Trichophyton Rubrum
Trichophyton Terrestre |
| IV4 | Parasite: (Internal) | Any organism living in or on any other living creature and deriving advantage from doing so, while causing disadvantage to the host. Internal parasites are commonly acquired by eating contaminated meat, swallowing eggs on food, contaminating fingers with faecal material or through contact with infected water. Scolex is the part of the tapeworm attached by suckers and hooks to gut wall of host; sometimes called head. Proglottides is the segment-like units of the tapeworm body which, when mature, leave the gut of the primary host in the faeces; they are budded off from the scolex. (The life stages of the roundworm: egg larva adult. The life stages of the tapeworm: egg ® larva ® encased by body in a cyst ® adult. The life stages of the fluke: egg ® miracidia ® redia ® cercaria ® metacercaria ® adult) | Ancylostoma Caninum
Ancylostoma Egg
Ancylostoma Female
Ascaris Female
Ascaris Male
Clonorchis Sinensis
Dipylidium Mature & Gravid Proglottides
Echinococcus Granulosus
Enterobius Vermicularis
Fasciloa
Fasciola Cercaria
Fasciola Egg
Fasciola Redia
Necator Americanus Eggs
Onchocerca Volvulus
Paragonimus Westermani Eggs
Schistosoma Mansoni Adult Female
Schistosoma Mansoni Caercariae
Schistosoma Mansoni Egg
Schistosoma Mansoni Miracidia
Taenia Scolex
Taenia Scolex Immature, Mature & Gravid Proglottides
Trichinella Spiralis Female
Trichinella Spiralis Male
Trichuris Trichiura
Trichuris Trichiura Egg
Xenopsylla Cheopsis |
| Parasite: (External) | Cimex
Culex Imago Female
Pediculus Humanus Capitis
Xenopsylla Cheopsis |
| IV5 | Protozoa | The simplest, most primitive type of animal, consisting of a single cell. Resistant to antibiotics. | Balantidium Coli
Entamoeba Histolytica
Giardia Lamblia
Leishmani Donovani
Mixed Protozoa
Plasmodium Falciparium
Plasmodium Vivax
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Trypanosoma Brucei |
| IV6 | Rickettsia | A type of parasitic micro-organism. They resemble bacteria but are only able to replicate by invading the cells of another life form; rickettsiae are parasites of ticks, lice, etc. These animals can transmit the rickettsiae to humans via their bite or contaminated faeces. | Coxiella Burnetii/ Q Fever
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
| IV7 | Viruses | The smallest known type of infective agent. Outside of living cells viruses are inert. They invade living cells, take them over and make copies of themselves. Not susceptible to antibiotics. | Coxsackie
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Herpes Simplex 1
Herpes Simplex 2
Herpes Zoster/ Shingles
HIV
Influenza ( Shangdong A, Singapore A, Panama B, Sichnan A, Beijing A, Yamagata B)
Measles
Mumps
Papilloma Human Virus
Polio
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Rubella/ German Measles
Smallpox
Varicella Zoster/ Chickenpox
Yellow Fever Virus |
